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how to check, bldc motor hall sensor is working or not?

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how to check, bldc motor hall sensor is working or not?

pratik r. sonawane

Aug 09, 2021

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hall effect sensor is one of the essential component used in bldc motor. because of them, the motors don’t require carbon brushes commutation.

so to ensure that the sensors are working in the motor or not, we can use the following method.

apparatus you need for a checking

  • multimeter
  • controller 
  • motor (bldc)
  • battery

step 1: connect motor and battery with controller

figA: battery or external power supply connected with controller
fig. A: battery or external power supply connected with controller
how to check, bldc motor hall sensor is working or not?
fig. B: phase wire connection
how to check, bldc motor hall sensor is working or not?
fig. C: hall sensor wire connection

if you don’t have a battery then you can use an external power supply instead.

step 2: set multimeter reading.

how to check, bldc motor hall sensor is working or not?
fig. D: 20VDC multimeter setting

set multimeter reading on 20VDC

step 3: check the sensor output sequence.

how to check, bldc motor hall sensor is working or not?
fig. E: hall input sequence

check the sequence of the motor hall sensors. they must follow the above sequence so it shows they are working.

connect the black terminal of the multimeter with the negative wire (black) of the controller and the red terminal with the positive wire (red) of the hall sensor wire group.

fig, E: checking hall voltage at red wire
fig, E: checking hall voltage at red wire

it should range from ~4.5-5VDC.

ok, now one by one check other wire outputs.

how to check, bldc motor hall sensor is working or not?
fig, G: hall input sequence - 100

they will be like this 5V(Green wire) 0V(yellow wire) 0V(blue wire) fig.G.

for 5V – 1, 0V – 0

the output voltage of sensors can change by gradually rotating the rotary part of the bldc motor.

check the sequence again
you will notice the output voltage of each wire is different than the previous.

how to check, bldc motor hall sensor is working or not?
fig. H: hall input sequence - 011
how to check, bldc motor hall sensor is working or not?
fig. I: hall input sequence - 001

repeat the same procedure to find the remaining sequences.

how to know the sensor is damage:

if the hall sensor wires output are 0 0 0 or 1 1 1 it means one of the sensor is damaged or need a replacement.

you can use this method with any type of bldc motor. hope you find your solution.

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